Term
|
Definition |
Assessment |
- Refers to any effort to gather, analyze, and interpret evidence which describes institutional, departmental, divisional, or agency effectiveness (Upcraft, M. L. & Schuh, J. H., 1996)
|
- The gathering of information concerning the functioning of students, staff, and institutions of higher education (Astin, 1991).
|
- Collecting evidence of (1) student performance on specified measures of development, (2) program strengths and weaknesses, and (3) institutional effectiveness (Banta, 1988).
|
Evaluation |
- Any effort to use assessment evidence to improve institutional, departmental, divisional or agency effectiveness (Upcraft, M. L. & Schuh, J. H., 1996).
|
- The utilization of information for institutional and individual improvement (Astin, 1991).
|
Research |
- Research differs from assessment in a couple of ways. The first being that assessment guides good practice, while research guides theory and conceptual foundations. Second, assessment typically has implications for a single institution, while research typically has broader implications for student affairs and higher education (Upcraft, M. L. & Schuh, J. H., 1996).
|
Quantitative Methodology |
- The assignment of numbers to objects, events, or observations according to some rule (Rossman and El-Khawas, 1987).
|
Qualitative Methodology |
- The detailed description of situations, events, people, interactions, and observed behaviors; the use of direct quotations from people about their experiences, attitudes, beliefs, and thoughts; and the analysis of excerpts or entire passages from documents, correspondence, records, and case histories (Patton, 1990).
|
Learning Outcomes |
- Cognitive and affective abilities which provide an indication of how one's college experiences have supported their individual development (Frye, 1999).
|
- The actual learning, including thinking skills, that occur as a result of a program (Bresciani, 2001).
|
Direct Measures |
- Processes employed to assess student learning directly by requiring students to demonstrate knowledge and skills (e.g. an essay graded by a rubric to demonstrate writing skills)
|
Indirect Measures |
- Processes that focus on students' opinions or perceptions (e.g. an exit interview in which students are asked about their confidence in writing skills).
|
Rubric |
- An authentic assessment tool used to measure students' work. It is a scoring guide that seeks to evaluate a student's performance based on the sum of a full range of criteria, rather than a single numberical score.
|